Correction of congenital nose abnormalities

Introduction

Congenital defects of the nose and Harelip (Cleft Lip) One of the most common congenital abnormalities is that they can affect respiratory function, face beauty and quality of life.. Nose plays an important role in breathing, smell and beauty of the face. Therefore, congenital nasal abnormalities, in addition to functional problems, can also cause psychological and social problems.. Correction of these defects usually with restorative surgeries (Reconstructive Surgery) It is aimed at improving respiratory function, nasal appearance, and facial coordination. In this article from the site of Dr. Behnam Khorrami (Isfahan nose surgeon _ Jaw surgeon of Isfahan), We will carefully examine the types of congenital nose defects, surgical techniques, and recovery process.

Types of congenital nose

Congenital nasal abnormalities can be single or along with other abnormalities (Such as lip -like or palate) Appear. The most common types of congenital defects of the nose are:

1. Harelip (Cleft Lip)

Shukri lip is caused by a defect in the bonding of facial tissues during the fetus.

This anomalies may be unilaterally (Unilateral) Or bilaterally (Bilateral) ..

In severe cases, the lip may be with the slit in the palate (Cleft Palate) to be accompanied.

2. Non -formation of the nose (Arhinia)

This anomalies are rare and in which the nose is not completely or partially formed.

May be accompanied by severe respiratory problems and other face abnormalities.

3. Reduction or lack of nose blade (Septal Defect)

In this case, Septum It is not properly formed that causes respiratory problems and changes in the appearance of the nose..

4. Nasal hypoplasia (Nasal Hypoplasia)

In this case, the nose does not grow completely and its size is smaller than normal.

This defect may cause air duct blocking.

5. Nasal abnormalities

In some cases, the abnormal shape of the bone or Nasal cartilage Causing the nasal septum deflection (Deviated Septum) Or severe recess in appearance of the nose.

Causes of congenital nose defects

Various genetic and environmental factors are involved in the creation of congenital nasal defects:

✅ Genetic factors:

Genetic mutations

Genetic syndromes (Like Wend Wavid Syndrome and Pierre Rubin Syndrome)

✅ Environmental factors:

Tracogenic drugs (Like isotretinoin)

Viral infections (Like rubella) During pregnancy

Exposure to chemicals

Maternal malnutrition during pregnancy

Smoking, alcohol or drugs during pregnancy

Diagnostic methods of congenital nose defects

1. Pregnancy ultrasound

Major deficiencies, such as the lip and the complete nasal formation, are usually visible in the second trimester ultrasound..

2. CT Scan (CT Scan) And MRI (MRI)

These methods help accurately identify bone and nasal cartilage abnormalities.

3. Clinical examination

After birth, clinical examination by a plastic surgeon or ear, throat and nose (ENT) Done.

Treatments

1. Lipstick repair surgery (Cleft Lip Repair)

Lipstick surgery. Usually in 3 until the 6 The month is done.

Common techniques include the following:

Millard Technique: Includes cutting and regenerating muscular and skin structures.

Technical tennison: Technique based on the triangle (Triangular Flap) It takes place.

purpose:

Regeneration of the natural shape of the lip

Improvement of lip muscles

Improve the beauty of the face

2. Palate repair surgery (Cleft Palate Repair)

This surgery is usually in 9 until the 18 The month is done.

Common methods:

By Langenbeck Technique: Regeneration of palate tissue by sewing the edges.

FURLOW TECHNIQUE: Reconstruction of palate muscles and improvement of speech function.

purpose:

Reconstruction of palate structure

Improvement of speech and swallowing

3. Rhinoplasty (Rhinoplasty)

Nose surgery. Usually after the facial growth is completed (In ages 16 until the 18 Preparations for rhinoplasty) Done.

Methods include:

Open Rhinoplasty: External incision surgery

Closed Rhinoplasty: Internal incision surgery

Techniques:

Rather, it is enlarging the nose by creating a bridge over the nose (Cartilage Grafting)

Reconstruction of the nose blade (Septoplasty)

The modification of the nasal tip structure

4. Complete nasal reconstruction (Total Nasal Reconstruction)

In cases of complete lack of nose, reconstruction using:

Rather, it is enlarging the nose by creating a bridge over the nose (From ribs or ear)

Silicone prostheses

Skin regeneration using flap (Flap)

Post-surgery care

The use of nasal moisturizing sprays
Prevent the trauma to the surgical area
Take antibiotics to prevent infection
Physiotherapy to improve facial muscle function

Possible side effects

Bleeding

The infection

SCAR (Scar)

Breathing problems

Nasal deformity during growth.

Long -term and prognosis results

If successful surgery, normal breathing and cosmetic function improves.
Early correction of anomalies improves facial growth and avoids speech and psychological problems.
In some cases, to improve cosmetic results, may require additional surgery.

Conclusion

Restoration of congenital nasal and lip defects requires a multi -specialist approach that includes plastic surgeons, ear, nose and nose specialists, and speech therapists.. Successful surgeries can improve respiratory function, face appearance and quality of life.

Useful links:

Isfahan nose surgeon _ Jaw surgeon of Isfahan

Dr. Behnam Khorrami's page in the clinic 24 | Maxillofacial surgeon in Isfahan clinic 24 | Nose surgeon in Isfahan clinic 24

Dr. Behnam Khorrami, nose surgeon in Isfahan at Dr. Af | Maxillofacial surgeon in Isfahan at Dr. Af | Isfahan nose surgeon at Dr. Af